Dietary inflammatory pattern and risk of hip fracture in the Nurses' Health Study.

Our immune system activity is impacted by what we eat and can influence fracture risk under certain conditions. In this article, we show that postmenopausal women with a pro-inflammatory dietary pattern have an increased risk of hip fracture. PURPOSE: The immune system influences bone homeostasis and can increase the risk of fracture under certain pro-inflammatory conditions. Immune system activity is impacted by dietary patterns. Using the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP), we investigated whether postmenopausal women with a pro-inflammatory dietary pattern had an increased risk of hip fracture. METHODS: The study population consisted of postmenopausal women participating in the Nurses' Health Study from 1980 to 2014, who reported information on lifestyle and health, including hip fractures, on biennial questionnaires, while semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were completed every fourth year. Hazard ratios (HR) for hip fracture were computed using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: EDIP was calculated using intake information from the FFQ for 87,955 postmenopausal participants, of whom 2348 sustained a non-traumatic hip fracture during follow-up. After adjustment for confounders, there was a 7% increase in the risk of hip fracture per 1 SD increase in EDIP (HR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02-1.12), and the uppermost quintile had a 22% greater risk compared to the lowest (HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.06-1.40). For the separate components of the EDIP, we found that higher intakes of low-energy beverages (diet sodas) were independently associated with an increased risk of hip fracture, while higher intakes of green leafy vegetables were associated with a reduced risk. CONCLUSION: A pro-inflammatory dietary pattern was associated with an increased risk of hip fracture among postmenopausal women.

Cell Phones in the OR: A Cross-Sectional Study of Norwegian Perioperative Nurses' Knowledge, Practice, and Attitudes.

Few studies have focused on the use of cell phones in the OR. In Norway, researchers sought to assess perioperative nurses' knowledge, practice, and attitudes associated with cell phone use in the OR and distributed a nationwide questionnaire via a social media platform. More than 80% of the 332 respondents thought that cell phones were contaminated and that pathogens could contaminate hands. Almost all respondents brought their phone to work; approximately 61% of respondents carried it in their pocket in the OR. Responses to questions about phone cleaning showed that 39 (11.7%) of the respondents routinely cleaned their phone before entering the OR and 33 (9.9%) of the respondents cleaned it when leaving the OR. Less than 20% of respondents indicated their facility had guidelines for cleaning personal cell phones. Opportunities for improvement in cell phone cleaning in ORs exist and additional research involving all perioperative team members is needed.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward the prevention of occupational exposure in public health emergencies among nurses in Wuhan.

Background and objective: Nurses have an essential role in dealing with public health emergencies (PHE). This study explored the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards preventing occupational exposure in PHE among nurses in Wuhan. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2023 to assess the KAP of nurses in Wuhan, China. Questionnaires were created and distributed to evaluate the KAP of nurses and explore the factors associated with KAP. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between baseline demographic characteristics and KAP, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to explore complex relationships and causal pathways among relevant factors. Results: A total of 440 valid questionnaires were collected. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 11.84 ± 2.37, 39.87 ± 3.10, and 44.05 ± 3.76, respectively. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that age >50 years old (p = 0.039), working experience of 1-3 years (p = 0.060) and 4-6 years (p = 0.024), participation in PHE training, and scene rescue (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with knowledge score. In addition, the attitude of the nurses was significantly related to knowledge scores (p = 0.002). Moreover, practice was significantly associated with knowledge scores (p = 0.005) and attitude scores (p < 0.001). The correlation analysis showed that the practice was significantly associated with knowledge (r = 0.336, p < 0.001) and attitude (r = 0.449, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Nurses exhibited moderate knowledge, relatively positive attitude, and practice, which needed to be improved regarding occupational exposure in PHE. The practice of the nurses could be promoted by paying more attention to the working experience, participation in training and scene rescue in PHE, and their knowledge and attitude.

Association between body mass index and mental health among nurses: a cross-sectional study in China.

PURPOSE: To examine the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and mental well-being in Chinese nurses during the COVID-19 epidemic. METHOD: This study was conducted in a tertiary hospital using a cross-sectional design. A total of 2,811 nurses were enlisted at Shengjing Hospital in China during the period from March to April, 2022. Information was gathered through a questionnaire that individuals completed themselves. The mental health of the participants was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7. Binary logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: The prevalence of nurses experiencing depression and anxiety was 7.8% (219) and 6.7% (189), respectively. Regarding depression after adjustment, the odds ratios (ORs) for each quartile, compared to the lowest quartile, were as follows: 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.53, 1.56), 2.28 (95% CI: 0.98, 3.77), and 2.32 (95% CI: 1.41, 3.83). The p-value for trend was found to be 0.001. The odds ratios (ORs) for anxiety after adjustment were 2.39 (0.83, 4.36), 4.46 (0.51, 7.93), and 2.81 (1.56, 5.08) when comparing the highest quartiles to the lowest quartile. The p-value for trend was 0.009. CONCLUSION: This study found a positive association between BMI and poor mental health among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in those who were overweight or obesity. The findings could assist in developing interventions and help policy-makers establish appropriate strategies to support the mental health of frontline nurses, especially those who are overweight or obesity.

Occupational stress, respect, and the need for psychological counselling in Chinese nurses: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore occupational stress, perceived respect, and the need for psychological counselling among nurses in China. STUDY DESIGN: This was a nationwide cross-sectional study. METHODS: Chinese nurses from 311 cities were randomly selected through a simple random sampling method. Occupational stress, perceived respect, and psychological counselling need were assessed using an online questionnaire validated by experts. The underlying associated factors were analysed using multiple logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: We collected and analysed 51,406 valid online questionnaires. Family factors and low income were the most commonly cited sources of occupational stress, and 91.9% and 80.0% of nurses, respectively, perceived that individuals in society and patients did not give adequate respect. Furthermore, 75.5% and 79.7%, respectively, believed they were not respected by clinical managers and doctors. As a result, 64.7% nurses believed they had a moderate or high need for psychological counselling. However, 80.7% indicated that receiving adequate respect could decrease the need for stress-related psychological counselling. Indeed, multiple logistic regression analyses showed that lower respect perceived by nurses was associated with higher need for psychological counselling, particularly regarding criticism that nurses perceived from nursing managers (a little: odds ratio [OR], 1.597; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.176-2.170; P = 0.003; moderately: OR, 1.433; 95% CI, 1.180-1.741; P < 0.001) and the difficulty of receiving respect from patients and their families (a little: OR, 1.389; 95% CI, 1.044-1.850; P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: Nurses in China perceive high levels of occupational stress and low levels of respect and often seek psychological counselling.

The mediating role of attention deficit in relationship between insomnia and social cognition tasks among nurses in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Insomnia-related affective functional disorder may negatively affect social cognition such as empathy, altruism, and attitude toward providing care. No previous studies have ever investigated the mediating role of attention deficit in the relationship between insomnia and social cognition. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 664 nurses (Mage = 33.03 years; SD ± 6.93 years) from December 2020 to September 2021. They completed the Scale of Attitude towards the Patient (SAtP), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), a single-item numeric rating scale assessing the increasing severity of attention complaints, and questions relating to socio-demographic information. The analysis was carried out by examining the mediating role of attention deficit in the relationship between insomnia and social cognition. Results: The prevalence of insomnia symptoms was high (52% insomnia using the AIS). Insomnia was significantly correlated with attention problems (b = 0.18, standard error (SE) = 0.02, p < 0.001). Attention problems were significantly negatively correlated with nurses' attitudes towards patients (b = -0.56, SE = 0.08, p < 0.001), respect for autonomy (b = -0.18, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001), holism (b = -0.14, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001), empathy (b = -0.15, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001), and altruism (b = -0.10, SE = 0.02, p < 0.001). Attention problems indirectly mediated the effect of insomnia on attitudes toward patients (99% CI = -0.10 [-0.16 to -0.05]), respect for autonomy (99% CI = -0.03 [-0.05 to -0.02]), holism (99% CI = -0.02 [-0.04 to -0.01]) empathy (99% CI = -0.03 [-0.04 to -0.01]), and altruism (99% CI = -0.02 [-0.03 to -0.01]). Conclusion: Nurses with insomnia-related attention problems are likely to have poor explicit social cognition such as attitude toward patients, altruism, empathy, respect for autonomy, and holism.

Study on the influence of patient safety culture on the pain and turnover intention of Chinese nurses in adverse nursing events.

AIM: Exploring the influence of patient safety culture on nurses' pain and turnover intention the job as a second victim. DESIGN: The study employed a cross-sectional design. METHODS: From July 2020 to August 2020, a convenience sampling method was used to select 1525 clinical nurses from hospitals of different levels in Shandong Province as the research subjects, and the general data survey method, patient safety culture scale and the assessment entries on pain in the second victim experience and support scale, using a convenience sampling method. RESULTS: Patient safety culture is an influencing factor that affects the second-victim pain and turnover intention. Among them, the non-punitive response to errors, open communication, cooperation between different departments, organizational learning and promotion has a statistically significant influence on the second-victim pain and turnover intention.

Self-reported incidents of violence towards nurses working in acute psychiatric units.

BACKGROUND:  Acute psychiatric units are found to be stressful working environments because of the nature of illness patients present with. OBJECTIVES:  This study aimed to determine self-reported incidents of physical and verbal violence towards nurses working in acute psychiatric units in Western Cape, South Africa. METHOD:  A questionnaire was used to collect data. Chi-square test was performed to determine association between gender, category and experience of violence. Mann-Whitney U test was carried out to determine associations between years of employment and the likelihood of experiencing physical violence and verbal abuse. RESULTS:  Overall physical violence 35 (34.3%) and verbal abuse 83 (83%) incidents. Most female respondents reported both physical violence (74.2%, n = 26) and verbal abuse (72.2%, n = 60), with (56.2%, n = 18) professional nurses reporting physical violence. Years of employment was statistically significantly associated with the likelihood of nurses experiencing physical violence (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION:  Most respondents (74.2%, n = 26) were females and they mostly experienced physical violence and verbal abuse while 28.2% (n = 29) were males. Years of service were associated with the likelihood of experiencing physical violence.Contribution: The knowledge gained will add on existing knowledge about the challenge of violence experienced by nurses in the workplace and might have an influence on policymakers.

Primary healthcare nurses' experiences of addressing intimate partner violence in supportive legal and health system contexts.

AIM: To explore the experiences of primary healthcare (PHC) nurses caring for women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) in a context of institutional support for the management of this health issue. DESIGN: Secondary qualitative analysis. METHODS: A purposeful sample (n = 19) of registered nurses, working in a PHC setting, with experience providing care to women who had disclosed intimate partner violence completed an in-depth interview. Thematic analysis was used to code, categorize and synthesize the data. RESULTS: Four themes were developed from the analysis of the interview transcripts. The first two themes address the characteristics of the type of violence most frequently encountered by participants, and how these characteristics shape the needs of women and the care nurses provide them. The third theme encompasses uncertainties and strategies developed to deal with the aggressor during the consultations as the woman's companion or as the patient himself. Finally, the fourth theme reflects the positive and negative consequences of caring for women exposed to intimate partner violence. CONCLUSION: When there is a supportive legal framework and health system to address IPV, nurses are able to implement evidence-based best practices in caring for women experiencing intimate partner violence. The predominant type of violence experienced by women at the time they enter the healthcare system shapes their needs and the service/unit they reach. These varying needs should be considered in the development of training programmes for nurses and should be adapted for different healthcare services. Caring for women experiencing intimate partner violence implies an emotional burden even in an institutional supportive context. Therefore, actions to prevent nurses' burnout should be considered and implemented. IMPACT: Lack of institutional support usually hinders the potential role nurses can play in the care provided to women who have experienced intimate partner violence. Findings from this study demonstrated that primary healthcare nurses are able to implement evidence-based best practices in the care for women experiencing intimate partner violence when there is a supportive legal framework and the health system context is openly favourable to addressing intimate partner violence. Findings from this study could inform the design and implementation of programmes and/or policies to improve nurses' responses to intimate partner violence in primary healthcare services.

How well do nurses know their patients? Agreement between patients' degree-of-worry and nurses' estimation of patients' degree-of-worry-An observational study.

AIM: To assess the agreement between patients' self-reported degree-of-worry (DOW) and nurses' evaluation of patients' DOW. DESIGN: An observational cohort study with patients and their primary nurses. METHODS: Between 22 February and 27 March 2021, data collection among patients and their nurses in an emergency department was carried out. Patients ≥18 years, cognitively intact and Danish or English speaking were eligible to participate. Nurses regardless of seniority and gender were eligible for participation. The single-item degree-of-worry measure, 'how worried are you about the condition you are here today on a scale from 1 to 10, where 1 is minimally worried and 10 is maximum worried' as well as information on gender, age, co-morbidity, triage level and medical reason for encounter was collected from patients. The corresponding nurses were asked; 'how worried do you think your patient is about the condition he/she is there today on a scale from 1 to 10, where 1 is minimally worried and 10 is maximum worried?' Nurses also supplied data on gender, age, seniority as a Registered Nurse and in the ED. Agreement between patients' self-reported degree-of-worry and nurses' evaluation of patients' degree-of-worry was assessed with weighted Cohen's Kappa. RESULTS: A total of 194 patient-nurse pairs were included for analysis. The agreement between patients' DOW and nurses' evaluation of patients' DOW categorised as DOWlow , DOWmiddle and DOWhigh was in total agreement in n = 85 pairs (43.8%) of the ratings, which corresponds to a weighted Cohen's Kappa of 0.19 (0.08-0.30; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Nurses estimate of their patients' DOW was in very poor agreement. This indicates that nurses are not able to assess the patient's DOW to a satisfactory level. This result is troubling as it may have serious consequences for patient care as it indicates that the nurses do not know their patients' perspectives.

Moral Challenges of Nurses and Volunteers in Dutch Palliative Care. A Qualitative Study.

Objective: To identify moral challenges experienced by nurses and volunteers in palliative care. Methods: A qualitative hermeneutic research design was used. Interviews with nurses (N = 10) and volunteers (N = 4) working in palliative care, in-home care, and hospice setting. Participants were recruited through maximum variation, a purposive sampling technique. Transcriptions were analyzed using qualitative thematic content analysis and open coding. Results: Two themes were identified, each with three subthemes: theme (A) Moral challenges regarding organizational and professional aspects contained the subthemes (1) dealing with protocols and regulations, (2) different professional perspectives on good care, and (3) limits of professionalism. Theme (B) Moral challenges regarding the patient and their family members contained the subthemes (1) dealing with the patient's wishes, (2) the patient's wish to die, and (3) dealing with family members. Conclusion: Nurses and volunteers working in palliative care are confronted with a wide range of moral challenges. Insight into 'real-world ethical challenges' of healthcare providers is important to provide adequate support to nurses and volunteers working in palliative care.

Precarização do trabalho de enfermeiras: uma análise na Atenção Primária à Saúde brasileira / Precarization of nurses' work: an analysis in the Brazilian Primary Health Care / Precarización del trabajo de las enfermeras: un análisis en la Atención Primaria de Salud Brasileña

Resumo Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar os tipos de vínculos de trabalho das enfermeiras da Atenção Primária à Saúde no Brasil. Tratou-se de um estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa e descritiva. Utilizaram-se os microdados secundários referentes ao desdobramento da pesquisa de avaliação externa do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica. Quanto ao tipo de vínculo, com exceção da Região Norte (33,70%), todas as outras regiões apresentaram como principal respondente servidoras públicas estatutárias: Sul (66,20%), Centro-Oeste (56,50%), Nordeste (40,33%), Sudeste (36,69%). Enfermeiras com contrato temporário pela administração pública e contrato temporário por prestação de serviço tiveram participação importante no Nordeste (29,51% e 19,33%) e Centro-Oeste (16,03% e 17,86%). Contrato e empregado via Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho tiveram mais expressão no Sudeste (23,54% e 8,27%) e no Sul (5,93% e 19,31%). No Sudeste, foi expressiva a participação de trabalhadoras contratadas por organizações sociais de saúde. Notou-se a presença crescente de vínculos precários de trabalho em detrimento dos vínculos estáveis. As novas formas de organização flexível das relações de trabalho trazem impacto significativo ao processo de trabalho, sobrecarregam as enfermeiras, em condições de trabalho inadequadas, e comprometem a qualidade da assistência, reduzindo a resolutividade da Atenção Primária.

Abstract This article aimed to analyze the types of work bond of nurses from Primary Health Care in Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study of a quantitative and descriptive approach. Secondary microdata related to the breakdown of the external evaluation research of the Access Improvement Program and the Quality of Basic Care were used. As for the type of bond, except for the Northern Region (33.70%), all other regions presented as the main respondent for statutory public servants: South (66.20%), Central-West (56.50%), Northeast (40.33%), Southeast (36.69%). Nurses with temporary contracts for public administration and temporary service contracts had important participation in the Northeast (29.51% and 19.33%) and Central-West (16.03% and 17.86%). Contract and employee through Consolidation of Labor Laws had more expression in the Southeast (23.54% and 8.27%) and in the South (5.93% and 19.31%). In the Southeast, the participation of workers employed by social health organizations was expressive. The growing presence of precarious labor links was noted, to the detriment of stable bonds. The new forms of flexible organization of work relationships bring significant impact to the work process, overload nurses in inadequate working conditions, and compromise the quality of care, reducing the resolubility of Primary Care.

Resumen El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar los tipos de vínculos laborales de las enfermeras de Atención Primaria de Salud en Brasil. Se trata de un estudio transversal de enfoque cuantitativo y descriptivo. Se utilizaron microdatos secundarios relacionados con la división de la investigación de evaluación externa del Programa de Mejora del Acceso y la Calidad de la Atención Básica. En cuanto al tipo de vínculo, a excepción de la Región Norte (33,70%), todas las demás regiones se presentaron como principal demandado para los funcionarios públicos estatutarios: Sur (66,20%), Centro Oeste (56,50%), Noreste (40,33%), Sureste (36,69%). Las enfermeras con contratos temporales de administración pública y contratos temporales de servicios tuvieron una participación importante en el Nordeste (29,51% y 19,33%) y Centro Oeste (16,03% y 17,86%). Contrato y empleado a través de la Consolidación de Las Leyes Laborales tuvieron más expresión en el Sudeste (23,54% y 8,27%) y en el Sur (5,93% y 19,31%). En el Sudeste, la participación de los trabajadores empleados por las organizaciones de salud social fue expresiva. Se observó la creciente presencia de vínculos laborales precarios, en detrimento de vínculos estables. Las nuevas formas de organización flexible de las relaciones laborales tienen un impacto significativo en el proceso de trabajo, sobrecargan a las enfermeras en condiciones laborales inadecuadas y comprometen la calidad de la asistencia, reduciendo la solubilidad de la Atención Primaria.

Portación nasal de Staphylococcus aureus en el personal de salud de áreas críticas de un Hospital Pediátrico durante julio-setiembre 2018 / Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in health personnel in critical areas of a Pediatric Hospital during July-September 2018 / Transporte nasal de Staphylococcus aureus em profissionais de saúde em áreas críticas de um Hospital Pediátrico durante julho-setembro de 2018

Las infecciones intrahospitalarias (IIH) son causa de elevada morbimortalidad y representan un problema sanitario importante. El personal de salud es reservorio y potencial transmisor de los agentes etiológicos de las mismas. S. aureus es uno de los microorganismos implicados, por lo tanto es importante conocer la frecuencia de portación en el personal de salud y establecer el perfil de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana para contribuir con la elaboración de medidas de prevención incluyendo actividades educativas. Objetivo: Conocer la frecuencia de portación de S. aureus, distribución y antibiotipos de las cepas presentes en el personal sanitario del Hospital Pediátrico de Referencia (HPR). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo durante el periodo julio-setiembre del año 2018. Se incluyeron muestras de hisopados nasales de trabajadores de la salud de distintas áreas de internación que consintieron participar en el estudio. Se excluyeron aquellos que recibieron antibióticos dentro de los 3 meses previos al estudio. Las muestras fueron sembradas en agar sangre ovina al 5% (ASO) y se incubaron a 35-37ºC en aerobiosis por 24-48 horas. La identificación de las colonias sospechosas de Staphylococcus aureus por métodos convencionales y MALDI-TOF. El patrón de resistencia antimicrobiana de S. aureus se detectó por disco-difusión. En los cultivos resistentes a meticilina (SAMR) se determinó la presencia del gen mecA y se realizó la tipificación del SCCmec por pruebas de reacción en cadena de polimerasa. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 225 hisopados a partir de 225 trabajadores, presentaron desarrollo 212. En 49 se recuperaron cultivos de S. aureus. Correspondieron a SAMR 11 de las 49 cepas, todas portaban el gen mecA. Hubo predominio en el personal de enfermería (7/11), en los servicios de hemato-oncología (3/11) y cuidados intensivos neonatales (4/11). Asociaron resistencia a macrólidos y clindamicina 8 de 11 aislamientos SAMR, a gentamicina 2 y a mupirocina uno. El SCCmec más frecuentemente identificado fue el tipo IV (7/11). Conclusiones: Los resultados muestran la presencia de cepas SAMR entre el personal de salud del CHPR y aportan información complementaria para efectuar prevención y control de las IIH, actuando sobre todo en el personal de salud encargado de la atención de pacientes susceptibles.

Hospital-acquired infections (IIH) are a cause of high morbidity and mortality and represent a major health problem. Health personnel are reservoirs and potential transmitters of their etiological agents. S. aureus is one of the microorganisms involved, therefore it is important to know the frequency of carriage in health personnel and establish the antimicrobial susceptibility profile to contribute to the development of prevention measures, including educational activities. Objective: To know the frequency of carriage of S. aureus, distribution and antibiotypes of the strains present in the health personnel of the Reference Pediatric Hospital (HPR). Materials and methods: A descriptive study was carried out during the period July-September 2018. Nasal swab samples from health workers from different hospitalization areas who agreed to participate in the study were included. Those who received antibiotics within 3 months prior to the study were excluded. The samples were seeded in 5% sheep blood agar (ASO) and incubated at 35-37ºC in aerobiosis for 24-48 hours. Identification of suspicious Staphylococcus aureus colonies by conventional methods and MALDI-TOF. The antimicrobial resistance pattern of S. aureus was detected by disc diffusion. In methicillin-resistant cultures (MRSA), the presence of the mecA gene was determined and SCCmec was typified by polymerase chain reaction tests. Results: 225 swabs were obtained from 225 workers, 212 showed development. S. aureus cultures were recovered from 49. 11 of the 49 strains corresponded to MRSA, all of them carried the mecA gene. There was a predominance in the nursing staff (7/11), in the hematology-oncology services (3/11) and neonatal intensive care (4/11). They associated resistance to macrolides and clindamycin in 8 of 11 MRSA isolates, 2 to gentamicin, and 1 to mupirocin. The most frequently identified SCCmec was type IV (7/11). Conclusions: The results show the presence of MRSA strains among the health personnel of the CHPR and provide complementary information to carry out prevention and control of IIH, acting especially on the health personnel in charge of the care of susceptible patients.

As infecções hospitalares (HII) são causa de alta morbidade e mortalidade e representam um importante problema de saúde. Os profissionais de saúde são reservatórios e potenciais transmissores de seus agentes etiológicos. O S. aureus é um dos micro-organismos envolvidos, por isso é importante conhecer a frequência de portadores em profissionais de saúde e estabelecer o perfil de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana para contribuir no desenvolvimento de medidas de prevenção incluindo atividades educativas. Objetivo: Conhecer a frequência de portadores de S. aureus, distribuição e antibiótipos das cepas presentes no pessoal de saúde do Hospital Pediátrico de Referência (HPR). Materiais e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo durante o período de julho a setembro de 2018. Foram incluídas amostras de swab nasal de profissionais de saúde de diferentes áreas de internação que concordaram em participar do estudo. Aqueles que receberam antibióticos nos 3 meses anteriores ao estudo foram excluídos. As amostras foram semeadas em 5% de ágar sangue de carneiro (ASO) e incubadas a 35-37ºC em aerobiose por 24-48 horas. Identificação de colônias suspeitas de Staphylococcus aureus por métodos convencionais e MALDI-TOF. O padrão de resistência antimicrobiana de S. aureus foi detectado por difusão em disco. Em culturas resistentes à meticilina (MRSA), a presença do gene mecA foi determinada e SCCmec foi tipificado por testes de reação em cadeia da polimerase. Resultados: 225 swabs foram obtidos de 225 trabalhadores, 212 apresentaram desenvolvimento. Culturas de S. aureus foram recuperadas de 49. 11 das 49 cepas correspondiam a MRSA, todas carregavam o gene mecA. Houve predominância na equipe de enfermagem (7/11), nos serviços de hematologia-oncologia (3/11) e de terapia intensiva neonatal (4/11). Eles associaram resistência a macrolídeos e clindamicina em 8 de 11 isolados de MRSA, 2 à gentamicina e 1 à mupirocina. O SCCmec mais frequentemente identificado foi o tipo IV (7/11). Conclusões: Os resultados mostram a presença de cepas de MRSA entre os profissionais de saúde do CHPR e fornecem informações complementares para realizar a prevenção e controle da HII, atuando principalmente sobre os profissionais de saúde responsáveis ​​pelo atendimento de pacientes suscetíveis.

Challenges faced by new nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 can be considered a unique and complex form of trauma with potentially devastating consequences for nurses in general and new nurses specifically. Few studies have been published that explain how relatively new nurses were prepared for COVID-19 in terms of knowledge and skill and how these nurses fared physically and emotionally. DESIGN: A qualitative descriptive design utilizing purposive sampling to recruit a diverse group of nurses who were within 2 years post-graduation from nursing school. METHODS: In-depth interviews of 29 nurses were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide to elicit data, which was coded and analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Six main themes and multiple subthemes were identified in the data. The main themes were: "We were not prepared," "I was just thrown in," "Avoiding infection," "It was so sad," "We did the best we could," and "I learned so much." CONCLUSION: The nurses who participated in this study expressed fear, weariness, exhaustion, isolation, and distress, observations echoed by studies from other countries. Retention of new nurses in acute care settings has always been a concern. In the recent Current Population Survey, a 4% reduction in nurses under 35 years of age has been reported, imperiling the retention of an effective workforce for decades to come. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A recent report suggests that a larger than expected number of young nurses have left the profession in the wake of the pandemic. Staff shortages threaten the ability of the remaining nurses to do their jobs. This is the time to listen to the needs of new nurses to retain them in the profession and to avoid an even greater shortage in the near future.

Nurses' use of social media during the COVID-19 pandemic-A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses stand in an unknown situation while facing continuous news feeds. Social media is a ubiquitous tool to gain and share reliable knowledge and experiences regarding COVID-19. The article aims to explore how nurses use social media in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: A scoping review inspired by Arksey and O'Mally was conducted by searches in Medline, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete and Web of Sciences. Empirical research studies investigating nurses' use of social media in relation to COVID-19 were included. Exclusion criteria were: Literature reviews, articles in languages other than English, articles about E-health, and articles investigating healthcare professionals without specification of nurses included. Articles, published in January-November 2020, were included and analysed through a thematic analysis. The PRISMA-ScR checklist was used. RESULTS: Most of the eleven included studies were cross-sectional surveys, conducted in developing countries, and had neither social media nor nurses as their main focus of interest. Three themes were identified: 'Social media as a knowledge node', 'Social media functioned as profession-promoting channels' and 'Social media as a disciplinary tool'. Nurses used social media as channels to gain and share information about COVID-19, and to support each other by highlighting the need for training and changes in delivery of care and redeployment. Further, social media functioned as profession-promoting channels partly sharing heroic self-representations and acknowledgment of frontline persons in the pandemic, partly by displaying critical working conditions. Finally, nurses used social media to educate people to perform the 'right 'COVID-19' behaviours in society. CONCLUSION: This review provided snapshots of nurses' uses of social media from various regions in the world, but revealed a need for studies from further countries and continents. The study calls for further multi-methodological and in depth qualitative research, including theoretically framed studies, with a specific focus on the uses of social media among nurses during the pandemic.

Compliance with hand disinfection in the surgical area of an orthopedic university clinic: results of an observational study.

BACKGROUND: Hand hygiene using alcoholic hand rub solution is essential for the prevention of surgical site infections. There are several opportunities for hygienic hand disinfection (termed "hand hygiene" in the following) during immediate pre-, intra- and postoperative orthopedic patient care. However, the level of hand hygiene compliance among surgical and anesthesia staff in this context is unclear. Therefore, we conducted an observational study in operating theatres of an orthopedic university clinic in northern Germany during July and August 2020. METHODS: One trained person directly and comprehensively observed hand hygiene compliance of surgical and anesthesia staff according to the WHO "My 5 moments for hand hygiene" model (WHO-5). In addition to cross-tabulations with Chi2 tests, multiple logistic regression models were used to study associations between occupational group, medical specialty, and compliance (both overall and for each WHO-5 indication). Models were adjusted for hand hygiene opportunities being associated with female or male healthcare workers, being located within or outside the operation room, and occurring in adult or pediatric surgery. RESULTS: In total, 1145 hand hygiene opportunities during 16 surgeries were observed. The overall compliance was 40.8% (95% CI 37.9-43.6%), with a larger difference between surgical versus anesthesia staff (28.4% vs. 46.1%, p < 0.001) than between physicians versus nurses (38.5% vs. 42.9%, p = 0.13). Adjusting for sex, place of observation, and adult versus pediatric operation theatre, logistic regression analyses revealed a significant interaction between medical specialty and occupational group (p < 0.001). In particular, the odds for compliance were higher for anesthesiologists (47.9%) than for surgeons (19.6%) (OR = 4.8, 95% CI 3.0-7.6). In addition, compliance was higher in pediatric surgery (OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.4-2.6). In general, WHO-5-stratified results were in line with these overall patterns. CONCLUSIONS: Hygienic hand disinfection compliance was approximately 41%. Notably, surgeons performed worse than anesthesiologists did. These results indicate that hand hygiene compliance in orthopedic surgery needs to be improved. Tailored interventions promise to be an appropriate way to address each occupational group's specific needs.

MRNA Vaccines Are Effective at Preventing COVID-19 in U.S. Health Care Personnel.

But vaccination rates, including among nurses, still lag.

Stress load of Chinese nurses in Fangcang Shelter Hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A latent profile analysis.

The Omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected Shanghai, China, from March to June 2022. Numbers of Fangcang Shelter Hospitals (FSHs) were conversed from stadiums and exhibition centers to tackle the pandemic. This study aimed to identify the stress load profiles of nurses working in FSHs and explore the characteristics and factors influencing stress load profiles. Totally, 609 out of 700 FSH nurses (with an effective response rate of 87%) participated in an online survey investigating their socio-demographic information, work-related stressors, and stress load. Results of the latent profile analysis identified four classes of stress load, which were labeled as the low (Class 1), mild (Class 2), moderate (Class 3), and high (Class 4) stress load class. Maternity status and self-perceived health condition were significantly different between the four stress load classes by comparisons using the Chi-square test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The contributors to the stress load profiles were determined by the multinomial logistic regression analysis, including age, education, maternity status, self-perceived health condition, working time in FSHs, and the four dimensions of work-related stressors. Participants who were less healthy (OR = 0.045, 95% CI:0.012,0.171), worked longer time in FSHs (OR = 40.483, 95% CI: 12.103,135.410), faced with more workload (OR = 3.664, 95% CI: 1.047,12.815), and worse working environment (OR = 12.274, 95% CI: 3.029,49.729) were more likely to be classified to the high stress load class. The task arrangement and working environment for FSH nurses should be optimized, and psychological training should be conducted routinely.

Medical imaging call centre: a communication success story.

AIM: To evaluate utilisation of a medical imaging call centre (MICC) at a multi-site, academic radiology department, focusing on communication of critical, urgent, or significant unexpected findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional research ethics board approval was obtained. All calls made to MICC from 1 January to 31 December 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. The total number of calls, date, and reason of each call, level of report alert, and turnaround time (TAT) were recorded. Level 1, 2, and 3 alerts were defined as "potentially life-threatening new/unexpected findings", "could result in morbidity/mortality", or "not immediately life-threatening or urgent", respectively. TAT was defined as the time from alert request received by the MICC until acknowledgement of receipt by the referring physician, with a desired TAT of 60 min, 3 h, and 3 days for each level, respectively. RESULTS: The MICC received 29,799 calls in 2019, on average 2,483 (range 1,989-3,098) calls per month. The most common indications for contacting the MICC were to request imaging reports to be expedited (14,916 calls, 50%) and issuing report alerts to communicate unexpected or urgent findings (7,060 calls, 24%). Average number and range of calls for Level 1, 2, and 3 alerts were 57 (39-80), 345 (307-388), and 187 (127-215) per month, respectively. Average TAT for Level 1, 2, and 3 report alerts were 59 min, 2 h 26 min, and 19 h 39 min, respectively. CONCLUSION: The MICC received a large volume of calls and was a successful method for timely communication of unexpected or urgent imaging findings using a three-tiered alert system.